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Tulipa sintenesii / Sintenesi's Tulip, Ottoman Tulip / Muş Lalesi, Osmanlı Lalesi

Tulipa sintenesii / Sintenesi's Tulip, Ottoman Tulip / Muş Lalesi, Osmanlı Lalesi

Tulipa sintenesii / Sintenesi's Tulip, Ottoman Tulip / Muş Lalesi, Osmanlı Lalesi from Birecik, Şanlıurfa.


Endemik Lale türlerimizden biridir. Çiçeklenmesi: Nisan-Mayıs aylarıdır. Habitatı: ekili alanlardır.


Vertikal dağılışı: 1100-2440 m.; Türkiye dağılımı: Karasal Anadolu (Bilhassa GD. ve D. Anadolunun güney kısımları). Genel Dağılımı: Türkiye (Endemik).


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Tulipa, commonly called Tulip, is a genus of about 150 species of bulbous flowering plants in the family Liliaceae. The native range of the species includes southern Europe, north Africa, and Asia from Anatolia and Iran in the east to northeast of China. The centre of diversity of the genus is in the Pamir and Hindu Kush mountains and the steppes of Kazakhstan. A number of species and many hybrid cultivars are grown in gardens, used as pot plants or as fresh cut flowers. The species are perennials from bulbs, the tunicate bulbs are often produced on the ends of stolons and covered with glabrous to variously hairy papery coverings. The species include short low growing plants to tall upright plants, growing from 10 to 70 centimeters (4–27 in) tall. They can even grow in the cold and snowy winter. Plants with typically 2 to 6 leaves, with some species having up to 12 leaves. The cauline foliage is strap-shaped, waxy-coated, usually light to medium green and alternately arranged. The blades are somewhat fleshy and linear to oblong in shape. The large flowers are produced on scapes or subscapose stems normally lacking bracts. The stems have no leaves to a few leaves, with large species having some leaves and smaller species have none. Typically species have one flower per stem but a few species have up to four flowers. The colorful and attractive cup shaped flowers have three petals and three sepals, which are most often termed tepals because they are nearly identical. The six petaloid tepals are often marked near the bases with darker markings. The flowers have six basifixed, distinct stamens with filaments shorter than the tepals and the stigmas are districtly 3-lobed. The ovaries are superior with three chambers. The 3 angled fruits are leathery textured capsules, ellipsoid to subglobose in shape, containing numerous flat disc-shaped seeds in two rows per locule.


The tulip, or "Lale" (from Persian لاله, lâleh) as it is called in Turkey, is a flower indigenous to Iran, Afghanistan, Turkey and other parts of Central Asia. Tulips were brought to Europe in the 16th century; the word tulip, which earlier in English appeared in such forms as tulipa or tulipant, entered the language by way of French tulipe and its obsolete form tulipan or by way of Modern Latin tulīpa, from Ottoman Turkish tülbend, "muslin, gauze." (The English word turban, first recorded in English in the 16th century, can also be traced to Ottoman Turkish tülbend.) The Turkish word for gauze, with which turbans can be wrapped, seems to have been used for the flower because a fully opened tulip was thought to resemble a turban.


After introduction of the Tulip to Europe, it gained much popularity and was seen as a sign of abundance and indulgence in the Ottoman Empire. The era during which the Ottoman Empire was wealthiest is called the Tulip era, or Lale Devri in Turkish.


Perhaps one of the ancestors of our modern cultivar tulips may have been Tulipa sintenesii. This attractive plant originates from Inner Anatolia in central Turkey. It grows to about 25 cm tall when in flower, and in the area west of the town of Van, the fields turn red for many kilometres in April when T. sintenesii blooms. Plant two times the height of the bulb below the ground, remembering to label so you know where they are! Ensure their position gets as much sun as possible while the plants are in flower and again in early summer to ripen the bulbs. After flowering, a feed high in potash can be beneficial to give the bulbs energy to flower next year; this can also be enhanced by removing the seed pods. You can see species tulips in all their glory from February to May.


Kaynaklar/References: 1. TUBİVES, 2. Wikipedia., 3. Alpine Garden Society


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